What is a common screening test for Down syndrome during the first trimester?

What is a common screening test for Down syndrome during the first trimester?

• A. Amniocentesis
• B. Nuchal translucency screening
• C. Chorionic villus sampling
• D. Quad screen test

Answer: (B)

The nuchal translucency screening is a specific ultrasound test conducted during the first trimester of pregnancy that measures the fluid at the back of the baby's neck. An increased amount of nuchal translucency may indicate a higher risk for Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities. This screening is typically performed between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation, allowing for early detection and subsequent management options if necessary. In contrast, amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling are invasive diagnostic procedures typically performed later in pregnancy to obtain genetic material for definitive diagnosis. They carry a risk of complications, including miscarriage, and are not routinely used for screening during the first trimester. The quad screen test, on the other hand, is a blood test usually conducted in the second trimester that measures specific markers associated with Down syndrome but does not provide the same early screening opportunities as nuchal translucency.

The nuchal translucency screening is a specific ultrasound test conducted during the first trimester of pregnancy that measures the fluid at the back of the baby's neck. An increased amount of nuchal translucency may indicate a higher risk for Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities. This screening is typically performed between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation, allowing for early detection and subsequent management options if necessary.

In contrast, amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling are invasive diagnostic procedures typically performed later in pregnancy to obtain genetic material for definitive diagnosis. They carry a risk of complications, including miscarriage, and are not routinely used for screening during the first trimester. The quad screen test, on the other hand, is a blood test usually conducted in the second trimester that measures specific markers associated with Down syndrome but does not provide the same early screening opportunities as nuchal translucency.